Assignment on Use of myth in John Keats poems
Name :-
Rajdip.P.Gohel
Roll. No:- 27
Paper No:-1-The
Romantic Literature
Class:- M.A Sem-2
Topic:- Use of myth in John Keats poems
Enrolment No:-
2069108420190017
College:-
Smt.S.B.Gardi Department Of English
Submitted:-
Department Of English M.K.University, Bhavnagar
About John Keats:-
Keats is the tragic figure of the
Romantic movement who died young, but during his brief life he created some of
the best known and enduring poetry of the 19th century.
Born in
London in 1795 Keats pursued a medical career as an apprentice surgeon but gave
up the practice shortly after performing his first operation in 1816, an
experience that affected him profoundly.
His
friendship with editor Leigh Hunt and his literary circle of friends encouraged
Keats to write poetry. He suffered much criticism after his first major effort,
Endymion, which was published in 1818, but Keats continued to write and
examined his work more closely. Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agnes, and
Other Poems, published in 1820, is widely regarded as some of the best poetry
to have been written during the period.
But in 1820
the first signs of consumption occurred. Despite moving to Italy to try and
improve his condition Keats knew from his own medical training that his cause
was lost. He died in Rome in 1821 at the tender age of 25. Keats wrote his own
epitaph, which describes his belief that he would not be remembered: "Here
lies one whose name was writ in water".
His death
was to influence Shelley in particular, who wrote the poem Adonais in his
honour and attacked critics for their harsh treatment of Keats' early work.
About Romantic Period:-
As a term to cover the most distinctive writers who flourished in the
last years of the 18th century and the first decades of the 19th, “Romantic” is
indispensable but also a little misleading: there was no self-styled “Romantic
movement” at the time, and the great writers of the period did not call
themselves Romantics. Not until August Wilhelm von Schlegel’s Vienna lectures of 1808–09 was a clear distinction established between the
“organic,” “plastic” qualities of Romantic art and the “mechanical” character of
Classicism.
Many of
the age’s foremost writers thought that something new was happening in the
world’s affairs, nevertheless. William Blake’s affirmation in
1793 that “a new heaven is begun” was matched a generation later by Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “The world’s great age begins
anew.” “These, these will give the world another heart, / And other pulses,”
wrote John Keats, referring to Leigh Hunt and William Wordsworth. Fresh ideals came to the fore; in
particular, the ideal of freedom, long cherished in England, was being extended
to every range of human endeavour. As that ideal swept through Europe, it became natural
to believe that the age of tyrants might soon end.
The
most notable feature of the poetry of the time is
the new role of individual thought and personal feeling. Where the main trend
of 18th-century poetics had been to praise the general, to see the poet as a
spokesman of society addressing a cultivated and homogeneous audience and having as his end the conveyance of “truth,” the Romantics found the
source of poetry in the particular, unique experience. Blake’s marginal comment
on Sir Joshua
Reynolds’s Discourses expresses the position with characteristic
vehemence: “To Generalize is to be an Idiot. To Particularize is the alone
Distinction of Merit.” The poet was seen as an individual distinguished from
his fellows by the intensity of his perceptions, taking as his basic subject
matter the workings of his own mind. Poetry was regarded as conveying its own
truth; sincerity was the criterion by which it was to be judged.
KEATS AND NATURE:-
Nature was a
major theme among the Romantics, but Keats turned natural objects into poetic
images. When he already knew that he was going to die, he looked back at
childhood and realized that concrete contact with natural objects at that time
was responsible for the positive associations they continued to communicate in
adulthood.
Nature led
Keats to the formulation of a concept he called “negative capability”,
described as the ability to experience “uncertainties, mysteries, doubts,
without any irritable reaching after fact or reason”, managing to negate
personality and opening to the reality around. It is an intuitive activity of
mind, a metaphysical process in which nature is a potential source of truth.
That of the poet is a visionary activity, which uses natural objects as means
to represent the poet’s ideas. Though a great number of images connected with
nature in Keats’s poems are used only to represent experiences, thus becoming a
symbol of the psyche.
Ode to Autmn:-
There's a lot more to say about this poem besides the fact that it's a
"nature poem." By itself, the term "nature poem" doesn't
tell us much. "To Autumn" contains very specific natural landscapes
and images. The first stanza offers images of the interaction between humans
and the plants that surround them. The second describes the production of
agriculture, a natural process that is controlled by people. The third stanza
moves outside of the human perspective to include things that are not used or
consumed by humans, such as gnats and swallows. This third section captures
some of the "wildness" and unpredictability of nature.
The season of Autmn is describe or
we find that connect with death in metaphorical means. In the Autmn all leaves
are died or, if compare with old humans they are died and after that new leaves
come on the tree and in the humans life. So this poem is very significant to
the humans. There is one example, is that one man save to his beloved but not
possible because her life connected with a tree that if all the on tree fall
down her life will end. But her beloved think about that last leaves. And he
make a painting on tree that is last leave and she alives with that paintings
last leaves. The thing is you alive with the hope, not with the talk.
Ode to Nightingale:-
The speaker of "Ode to a Nightingale" loves nature, but he
can't get on board with the whole natural-things-have-to-die-sometime thing. He
even fancies that the nightingale is some immortal, godlike creature. However,
nature is his best hope for escape from the world of work, stress,
responsibility, and complicated human relationships. Although he begins the
poem sitting just outside of a wooded area, he will not be satisfied until he
can experience the forest from the perspective of one of its creatures: from
the inside. He imagines becoming intoxicated from the smells of all the forest
plants and flowers.
Now in this poem we
find about creature that run to the nature. Only hope is nature, the thing is
he was a immortal creature and can’t live with humans because I think he was
ugly looking. Another thing is that nature is good and bad also because nature
has beautiful things but also has to destroy that things and all the humanity.
There is one example that why we like nature. One thing is in all the poem, I
things many poems connected with nature and their beauties, but author can not
write that what about danger sign of nature. Author should write about danger
sign so that people will aware those things , and both sides good as well as
bad things of nature. Author use nature for describing the love, emotion,
spontaneous of feelings, and much more things. But what for dark, hate,
angriness, and other things. Author give only good things to people. But
literature gave the reflection of real life, because literature can not do “gal
galiya” type things. Literature can not things about what people review and
other arguments, but it reflect the real society.
Ode to Psyche:-
The form of
psyche. It comprises four verse paragraphs of different lengths. In each stanza
the structure reflects Keats’s manipulation of excitement and climax and Keats
fastidiousness about rhyme, for, uniquely in the spring Odes, four lines in the
poem are left unrhymed presumably because any rhyme words which suggested
themselves would have harmed the sense. Keats did not repeat this irregular
form in the next three odes.
Now the
question is Who was Psyche? A representation of the soul in Greek Mythology and
sometimes represented as a butterfly. She was a nymph who attracted the love of
cupid but who lest her, angry at her disobedience. She desperately sought her
lover all over the earth and had to carry out superhuman tasks. Eventually
Jupiter, at cupid’s entreaty, consented to their marriage and Psyche was
brought to heaven. The tale has often been seen as an allegory of the soul’s
journey through life and its final union with the divine after suffering and
death.
Conclusion:-
After
discuss the theme of nature or about Keats and some information of Romantic
age, poems gives us power full feelings and some real elements that we connect
with our life easily, but what was the result that we connect our feelings with
poetry. Only for aesthetic delight or other motifs
https://www.shmoop.com/to-autumn/man-the-natural-world-theme.html
https://www.grin.com/document/9245
https://www.shmoop.com/ode-nightingale/man-the-natural-world-theme.html
Comments
Post a Comment